Internal combustion engine



July 18, 1939. A. HEESS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 28, 1937 ll l'll 171/8/220/1 ALB/3P7 H555:

. 15 the engine has been operating with the compres- L mama July 1 ,1939

UNITED STATES INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Albert Heess.

Stuttgart-Bad-Cannstatt,

Ger-

many, assignor to Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, Stuttgart-Unterturkheim, Germany Application- Jul r28, 1937, Serial No. 156,083 Germany August 1, 1936 My invention relates to an internal combustion j engine cooperating with a compressor and, especially to-an improved control of the ignition of the engine, and is particularly applicable to motor vehicles. When an internal combustion engine, toninstance an engine of the carburettor type, cooperates with a compressor, the timing of the ignition must be adjusted in dependence oi. the op- 10 crating condition of the compressor.- If the compressor is inactive, the ignition must be advanced compared with the requirement existing when the compressoris active and supplies the engine with a precompressed combustion medium. When sor being inactive and when it is desired to start i the compressor, it is necessary that the operator retard the timing of the ignition at the same time. Inversely. When the compressor has been working 120 and when it is desired to continue the operation of the engine without pre-c'ompression, the operator must advance the timing of the ignition in order to secure a proper operation of the engine.

It is a primary object of my invention to provide a safeguard that the timing of the-ignition will be changed automatically coincidentally with a change in .the operating condition of the compressor so as to render the ignition control toolproof. This is particularly important for motor vehicles as it will relieve the driver of the necessity of paying attention to a re-adiustment of the ignition every time he starts or stops the compres-' sor.

However,

vehicles but is broadly applicable to the control of the ignition system or any internal combustion engine cooperating-with a compressor.

. A Iurtherobject 01' my invention isto provide -means whereby the timing of the ignition may be controlled by handbut-will be retarded, irrespective of its manual setting, when the com-' I pressor is put in operation, and will be re-set to advanced position ,again when the compressor isdisabled.

I attain these and other objects by subfecting the ignition device to the control from a member controlled in its turn by the compressor. Preterably, however, the ignition timing device is sub-.

jected to the dual control from two elements, one oifwhich is manually settable, while the other one is pneumatically operable by the compressor 4 in such a mannerthat the ignition is automaticallyretarded, as the pressureproduced by the 56 compressor increases.

. I right-hand advanced position and a left-hand the invention is not limited to motor 1 Further. objects of my invention will appear from the description of a preferred embodiment described hereinafter, and the features of novelty are pointed out in the claims.

In the drawing; 5

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the steering device 0!- a motor vehicle equipped with a pneumatic memher and a hand lever for jointly controlling the J I ignition;

Fig. 2 is a slightly modified enlarged view of i0 the lower part of Fig. 1, partly in section; and Fig. 3 is a side view of the mechanism shown in the left lower part of Fig. 2.

2| denotes the chassis or a motor vehicle. equipped with an internal combustion engine of the carburettor type, and with a compressor is which is driven by the engine 20 and adapted to feed pre-compressed air to the carburettor or a pre-compressed fuel mixture to' the intake manifold of the'engine. The hollow steering shaft 20 4 bearing the steering wheel I isjournalled in j the housing 5 which encloses the steering gear and is mounted. on the chassis 2|. in the conven- .tional manner. A manually settable element,

1 e. g. a,lever 2, is fixed to the upper end of a rod retarded position. v

Thus, the operator may adjust the ignition to meet the requirements depending on; the speed of operation, the temperature of the engine, the nature of the fuel and other factors, as is well known in the art. The compressor; l9 may be 40 rendered active or inactive during theoperation of the engine at the'drivers option-by manipulation of a suitable controlling member not shown. To ensure that the ignitionbe automatically re-. tardedwhen the compressor is started and be advanced when the compressor is cut'ofl, Lhave, provideda. member controlled by thecompressor which is connected with the movable element -I8. This member lis preferably in form of a pneumatic member movable in response to the pressure produced bythe, compressor. In the embodiment shown, this pneumatic member is '--formed by a piston l2 slidably guided-'within a *cylinder I3 which is mounted on thehousing 5. One endof the cylinder is connected with" the 5o atmosphere by a bore 22 while the other charge port of the compressor I! by asuitable conduit, for instance by a pipe indicated'at 15.

A- helical spring 23 inserted'between the. cover of the cylinder and the piston l2 tends to shift the same towards the right and to keep it in contact with an adjustable stop screw 24. It is apparent that when the compressor is put .in operation, compressed air will enter the chamber Ida of the cylinder through the pipe l5 and will act on the piston l2 moving the same towards ends.

'the left against .the pressure of the spring I}.

The manually adjustable element 2 and the member l2 controlled by the compressor, jointly control the ignition timing element it. To this end, numerous cooperative connections between the three elementsor members 2,12 and I! may be used. I prefer, however, to use a particularly simple arrangement which I will now describe.

The linkage connecting the ball stud l with the swingable arm It comprises a link 9 hinged to the ball stud I and by a pivot 25 to the arm ll! of a two-armed lever, the other arm illa. of which is connected with the arm l8 by a link IS.

The lever l0, Ila is mounted on a movable support connected to the pneumatic member 12. In the embodiment shown, this support is formed by piston rod ll connected to the piston l2 and slidable in the cover of the cylinder IS. The

end of the piston rod ll carries astud engaging Y a slot-providedin the lever l0, Illa between its The operationis as follows;

The driver may retard the ignition by turning the hand lever 2 moving the rod IS in the direction of the arrow 1:, or may advance the ignition by turning the hand lever in the opposite direction, swinging arm ll towards the right, as'the rod 3 will transmit the rotation of the hand lever 2 to the disk 6 thus transmitting the movement through the linkage 9, I0, I 011, I6 to the arm N of the, distributor. In this manner, the driver may adjust the ignition of the engine to meet the existing requirements. When the compressor is put in operation moving the piston rod ll, towards the left, the lever l0, Ma will swing about the pivot 25, irrespective of the position the pivot 25 may have at that time. The resultingmovement oi' the link li-in the direction of the arrow b will retard the ignition.

When the compressor is cut off, the spring 23 return the piston l'2- towards the right tov its initial position and this will cause the linkage ll, Illa, l6 to advance the ignition again.

The spring 23 may be so chosen that the piston l2 will move into its outermost left position, whenever the compressor operates, irrespective of thepressure produced by the compressor, or

it may be so dimensioned as to move towards the left in proportion to the pressure produced by the compressor. In the latter. alternative, the

' ignition will be continuously retarded as the pressure produced by the compressor increases.

- While I have' selecteda mechanical linkage 9, l0, lUa, -ll, IE to interconnect the'elements for timing the ignition, the member controlled 7 by the compressor and the manually settable element, it will be readily understood that my invention is not limited thereto, as means other .than mechanical, means may be used for establishing such a cooperative connection. Also, the ignition system may include further adjusting means in addition to those described hereinabove, for instance the customary, automatic l. The combination comprising aninternal combustion engine, a compressor cooperating therewith, an element for timing the ignition of said engine movable between an advanced position and a retarded position, a manually adjustable element connected with said first-mentioned element for manual control of the lam-- tion, a member controlled by said-compressor, and means connecting said member with said movable element and adapted to displace the latter towards its retarded position, when said compressor is active, irrespective of the position of said manually adjustable element.-

2. The combination comprising an internal combustion engine, a compressor cooperating therewith, an element for timing. the ignition 01 said engine movable between an advanced position and a retarded position, a manually adjustable element, aconnection between said elements for setting the ignition 'by hand, and a member controlled by said compressor cooperating with said connection and adapted, when said compressor is active, to cause said connection to'displace said movable element towards its retarded position irrespective of the position of said manually adjustable element.

3. The combination comprising an internai combustion engine, a compressor cooperating therewith, a distributor having an arm for, timing the ignition of sat d engine swingable between an advanced position and a retarded position, a hand lever, a linkage connecting said hand lever with said arm, and a pneumatic member controlled by said compressor and responsive to the pressure produced thereby, an element included in said linkage being connected with said pneumaticmember and adapted to move said arm to its retarded position irrespective of the setting of said hand lever, as the pressure produced by said. compressor increases. Y

.4- In a'motor-driven vehicle, the combination comprising an internal combustion engine, a compressor cooperating therewith,- a distributor having an arm forv timing the ignition of said engine swingable between an advanced position and 'aretarded position, a hollow steering shaft, a hand lever mounted adjacent to the upper end extending through said shaft, a linkage connecting'the lower end of said rod with said arm for manual control of the ignition, a housing surrounding the lower end of said hollow steering shaft, a cylinder mounted on said housing, a conduit connecting sa d cylinderwith said compressor, a piston slidable in said cylinder in response to the pressure produced by said compressor, and a connection between -said piston and said linkage adapted to cause the latter to "move'said arm towards its retarded position,

when said pressure increases, irrespective of the position of said hand lever.

5. The combination comprising an internal combustion engine, a compressor cooperating therewith, an'element for timing the ignition of said engine movable between an advanced position and a retarded position, a manually adjustable element, a connection between said elements for manual control of the ignition, a lever included in said connection, a movable support carrying said lever, and pneumatic means re sponsive to the pressure produced by said compressor and connected with said support to move the same in a sense retarding the ignition, when said pressure increases.

6. The combination comprising an internal combustion engine, a compressor cooperating a retarded position, two controlling member's connected with said element for joint control thereof, and means causing one oi." said controlling members, when said compressor is rendered active, to displace said movable element towards its retarded position. v

7-. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, an ignition timing'device for said engine movable between advanced and retarded positions, manually operated means for controlling said device, said means being connected'to said device through a linkage system including a double-arm lever, one end of which is connected to the manuallyoperated means and theother end to said device, a pivot for said lever at the intersection of its two arms, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said engine,

- which said automatic means includes a piston,

and a connecting rod attached at vone end to i said piston. the end of said connecting rod forming the pivot for said double-arm lever.

ALBERT HEESS. 

